IoT Based Automatic Accident Detection and Rescue Management System

Abstract

Road traffic accidents are a leading cause of preventable death, and the delay between the moment a crash happens and the moment help arrives is often the single biggest factor separating a survivable injury from a fatality particularly for night-time accidents on low-visibility roads, or when the victim is unconscious and unable to call for help. This paper presents the design and implementation of an IoT-based automatic accident detection and rescue management system that removes the dependence on a bystander's phone call. An ESP32 microcontroller continuously reads an MPU6050 accelerometer /gyroscope module to detect the sudden change in orientation and impact signature characteristic of a vehicle collision or a fall. Once an accident is detected, the system immediately fetches the vehicle's coordinates from a NEO-6MV2 GPS module and uses a SIM800L GSM module to send an SMS containing a Google Maps link of the accident location to pre-configured emergency contacts, while simultaneously pushing an alert and live sensor readings to the Blynk IoT cloud dashboard and a local LCD display. By automating detection, location-fixing and notification in a single low-cost embedded unit, the system cuts the time between accident occurrence and the alerting of emergency services and family members from potentially hours down to a matter of seconds, which can substantially improve the victim's chances of receiving timely medical aid.